Brain Aneurysm: September is observed as Brain Aneurysm Awareness Month. It is a condition about which there is limited public awareness. Notably, this issue is not limited to older adults; it can also affect young people. In many cases, there are no clear symptoms, and the condition may remain unchanged for a long period.
A brain aneurysm occurs when a weakened section of the wall of a blood vessel supplying the brain bulges out, resembling a balloon. If the aneurysm ruptures, it can cause bleeding around the brain—a condition known as a subarachnoid hemorrhage. This can escalate into a serious and life-threatening medical emergency.
Sudden, severe headache: A key warning sign
According to experts, the rupture of a brain aneurysm can trigger a sudden, extremely severe headache. This headache can reach peak intensity within seconds or minutes. It may be accompanied by symptoms such as vomiting, a stiff neck, loss of consciousness, seizures, weakness in a part of the body, speech difficulties, vision problems, or confusion.
In some cases, warning signs may appear even before the aneurysm ruptures. As the aneurysm grows and exerts pressure on surrounding nerves, it can cause persistent pain around the eye, double vision, a drooping eyelid, or sudden changes in vision and eye movement.
These symptoms are often mistaken for migraines, eye strain, or the effects of prolonged screen time. However, it is crucial to consult a doctor if sudden or unusual neurological symptoms occur.
Factors other than age that can increase risk
The risk of a brain aneurysm should not be attributed solely to age. A family history of brain aneurysms, certain genetic conditions, high blood pressure, and tobacco use can increase the risk.
Individuals with a family history of brain aneurysms should consult a doctor to learn about necessary screenings. For young people, too, it is important to regularly monitor blood pressure, stay physically active, and avoid tobacco.
Diagnosis via CT and MR Angiography
If a brain aneurysm is suspected, doctors may recommend tests such as CT angiography or MR angiography. In some cases, Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) may be required to better understand the nature of the aneurysm.
If an aneurysm is confirmed, the treatment plan is determined by considering its size, location, and structure, alongside the patient’s age, family history, and overall health status.
In some instances, the aneurysm is monitored through regular imaging, whereas in others, treatment may be necessary to reduce the risk of rupture or re-bleeding. Depending on the specific situation, options such as endovascular treatment or surgical clipping may be employed.
Brain Scans Not Necessary for Every Headache
Awareness about brain aneurysms does not mean that a brain scan is required for every headache. It is crucial to distinguish between a common headache and serious warning signs.
While brain aneurysms may be relatively less common in young people, the possibility cannot be ruled out based on age alone. Symptoms such as a sudden, extremely severe headache—especially when accompanied by loss of consciousness, weakness, or difficulty speaking or seeing—should not be ignored, and immediate medical attention should be sought.
